html- frames, iframes

                                             HTML - FRAMES                        

Html frames are used to divide our browser windows into multiple sections where each section can load a separate html document. A collection of frames in the browser window is called as frame set. The window is divided into frames in a similar way the tables are organized: into rows and columns.

Disadvantages of Frames:

                                                  

There are few drawbacks with using frames, so it's never recommended to use frames in your web pages −

  • Some smaller devices cannot cope with frames often because their screen is not big enough to be divided up.
  • Sometimes your page will be displayed differently on different computers due to different screen resolution.
  • The browser's back button might not work as the user hopes.
  • There are still few browsers that do not support frame technology.
Creating Frames
The <frameset> Tag Attributes
Sr.NoAttribute & Description
1

cols

Specifies how many columns are contained in the frameset and the size of each column. You can specify the width of each column in one of the four ways −

Absolute values in pixels. For example, to create three vertical frames, use cols = "100, 500, 100".

A percentage of the browser window. For example, to create three vertical frames, use cols = "10%, 80%, 10%".

Using a wildcard symbol. For example, to create three vertical frames, use cols = "10%, *, 10%". In this case wildcard takes remainder of the window.

As relative widths of the browser window. For example, to create three vertical frames, use cols = "3*, 2*, 1*". This is an alternative to percentages. You can use relative widths of the browser window. Here the window is divided into sixths: the first column takes up half of the window, the second takes one third, and the third takes one sixth.

2

rows

This attribute works just like the cols attribute and takes the same values, but it is used to specify the rows in the frameset. For example, to create two horizontal frames, use rows = "10%, 90%". You can specify the height of each row in the same way as explained above for columns.

3

border

This attribute specifies the width of the border of each frame in pixels. For example, border = "5". A value of zero means no border.

4

frameborder

This attribute specifies whether a three-dimensional border should be displayed between frames. This attribute takes value either 1 (yes) or 0 (no). For example frameborder = "0" specifies no border.

5

framespacing

This attribute specifies the amount of space between frames in a frameset. This can take any integer value. For example framespacing = "10" means there should be 10 pixels spacing between each frames.

The <frame> Tag Attributes


Sr.NoAttribute & Description
1

src

This attribute is used to give the file name that should be loaded in the frame. Its value can be any URL. For example, src = "/html/top_frame.htm" will load an HTML file available in html directory.

2

name

This attribute allows you to give a name to a frame. It is used to indicate which frame a document should be loaded into. This is especially important when you want to create links in one frame that load pages into an another frame, in which case the second frame needs a name to identify itself as the target of the link.

3

frameborder

This attribute specifies whether or not the borders of that frame are shown; it overrides the value given in the frameborder attribute on the <frameset> tag if one is given, and this can take values either 1 (yes) or 0 (no).

4

marginwidth

This attribute allows you to specify the width of the space between the left and right of the frame's borders and the frame's content. The value is given in pixels. For example marginwidth = "10".

5

marginheight

This attribute allows you to specify the height of the space between the top and bottom of the frame's borders and its contents. The value is given in pixels. For example marginheight = "10".

6

noresize

By default, you can resize any frame by clicking and dragging on the borders of a frame. The noresize attribute prevents a user from being able to resize the frame. For example noresize = "noresize".

7

scrolling

This attribute controls the appearance of the scrollbars that appear on the frame. This takes values either "yes", "no" or "auto". For example scrolling = "no" means it should not have scroll bars.

8

longdesc

This attribute allows you to provide a link to another page containing a long description of the contents of the frame. For example longdesc = "framedescription.htm"

Browser Support for Frames
Frame's name and target attributes
The <Iframe> Tag Attributes
The height and width attributes are used to specify the size of the iframe. The attribute values are specified in pixels by default, but they can also be specified in percentage like ” 80% “.



By default, iframe has a border around it. To remove the border, we must use the style attribute and use the CSS border property.

To use frames on a page we use <frameset> tag instead of <body> tag. The <frameset> tag defines, how to divide the window into frames. The rows attribute of <frameset> tag defines horizontal frames and cols attribute defines vertical frames. Each frame is indicated by <frame> tag and it defines which HTML document shall open into the frame.

Following are important attributes of the <frameset> tag −

Following are the important attributes of <frame> tag −

If a user is using any old browser or any browser, which does not support frames then <noframes> element should be displayed to the user.

So you must place a <body> element inside the <noframes> element because the <frameset> element is supposed to replace the <body> element, but if a browser does not understand <frameset> element then it should understand what is inside the <body> element which is contained in a <noframes> element.

You can put some nice message for your user having old browsers. For example, Sorry!! your browser does not support frames. as shown in the above example.

One of the most popular uses of frames is to place navigation bars in one frame and then load main pages into a separate frame.


HTML - IFRAMES


The <iframe> tag is not somehow related to <frameset> tag, instead, it can appear anywhere in your document. The <iframe> tag defines a rectangular region within the document in which the browser can display a separate document, including scrollbars and borders. An inline frame is used to embed another document within the current HTML document.

The src attribute is used to specify the URL of the document that occupies the inline frame.

Most of the attributes of the <iframe> tag, including name, class, frameborder, id, longdesc, marginheight, marginwidth, name, scrolling, style, and title behave exactly like the corresponding attributes for the <frame> tag.

Significance of Iframe in HTML :

The iframe in HTML stands for Inline Frame. The ” iframe ” tag defines a rectangular region within the document in which the browser can display a separate document, including scrollbars and borders. An inline frame is used to embed another document within the current HTML document.

The ‘ src ‘ attribute is used to specify the URL of the document that occupies the iframe.

Syntax :

<iframe src="URL"></iframe>

Setting Height and Width in Iframe :

Example-:

<!DOCTYPE html> 

<html> 

<body> 

<p>Content goes here</p> 

<iframe src="https://ide.geeksforgeeks.org/tryit.php height="300" width="400"> 

</iframe> 

</body> 

</html> 

Removing the Border in Iframe :

Example:

<!DOCTYPE html> 

<html> 


<body> 


<p>Content goes here</p> 


<iframe src="https://ide.geeksforgeeks.org/tryit.php"

height="300" width="400" style="border:none;"> 

</iframe> 


</body> 


</html> 


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