What Is HTML?

HTML stands for HYPERTEXT  MARKUP LANGUAGE, and it is the most widely used language to write web pages.

  •  Hypertext refers to the way in which Web Pages (HTML Documents) ae linked together. Thus, the link available on a webpage is called Hypertext.
  • As its name suggests, HTML is a Markup Language which means we use HTML to simply "mark-up" a text document with tags that tell a Web Browser how to display a structure.
Originally, HTML was developed with Internet of defining the structure of documents like headings, paragraphs, lists, and so on forth to facilitate the sharing of scientific information between researchers.

Now, HTML is being widely used to format web pages with the help of different tags available in HTML language.

BASIC HTML DOCUMENT:-
In its simplest form, following is an example of  "HELLO WORLD " HTML document-




In above example all HTML files should begin with a 
  • <!DOCTYPE> Declaration:-  Every HTML document must begin with a basic declaration that identifies its type. This is a very useful measure that inform browsers beforehand.
  • <HTML> Declaration:- This is called HTML root element and used to wrap all the document.
  • <HEAD> Declaration:-  The <head> section is a container for metadata about the document. This metadata can be classified in five categories according to the element used.
  1. The Document's Title:-  Describes briefly the subject treated in the document. This is a required item inserted with the <title> element.
  2. Style Decorations:-  Group style definitions used to set presentational attributes for the elements in the document. It's inserted with the <style> element.
  3. Client-side Scripts:-  Inserts programs that provide functionality and interactivity. It's declared with the <script> element.
  4. Meta Statements:- Define custom attributes and values. They're inserted with the <meta > elements.
  5. Relational Information:-  Indicates resources that are somehow related to the document. It's inserted with the <link> element.
  • <TITLE> Declaration:- The <title> tag defines the title of the document. The title must be text-only, and it is shown in the browser's title bar or in the page's tab. The <title> tag is required in HTML documents. 
  • <BODY> Declaration:- The <body> tag is used to enclosed all the data which a web page has from texts to links. The <body> element contains all the contents of a HTML document, such as headings, paragraphs, images, hyperlinks, tables, lists, etc.
  • <DIV> :-  The <div> tag defines a division or a section in an HTML document. The <div> tag is used as a container for HTML elements - which is then styled with CSS or manipulated with JAVASCRIPT. The <div> tag is easily styled by using the class or id attribute.
  • <P> :-  The <p> tag defines a paragraph. Paragraphs are usually represented in visual media as a blocks of text separated from adjacent blocks by blank lines and/ or first-line indentation, but HTML paragraphs can be any structural grouping of related content, such as images or form fields. 

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